Pagsasalin-wika (A Psalm of Life by: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow)

Pagsasalin-Wika

A Psalm of Life (Himig ng Buhay)

Henry Wadsworth Longfellow

Tell me in mournful numbers

(Sabihin mo sa akin ng mapanglaw)

Life is but an empty dream!

(Ang buhay ay parang hungkag na pangarap!)

For the soul is dead that slumbers

(Dahil ang kaluluwa ay patay na nakahimlay)

And things are not what they seem.

(At mga bagay ay hindi tulad ng iyong inaakala.)

Life is real! Life is nearest

(Buhay ay totoo! Buhay ay maikli)

And the grave is not its goal;

(At ang libingan ay hindi nito hangarin;)

“Dust thou art, to dust returneth,”

(“Alikabok ka galling, sa alikabok ka rin babalik,”)

Was not spoken of the soul.

(Hindi tumutukoy sa kaluluwa.)

Not enjoyment, and not sorrow

(Hindi  kaligayahan o paghihinagpis)

Is our destined end or way

(Ang itinalagang bukas o paraan)

But to act that each Tommorrow

(Ngunit  ang kumilos na ang bawat bukas)

Find us further than today.

(Mas maging makabuluhan kay sa ngayon.)

Art is long, and time is fleeting,

(Ang sining ay mahaba, at ang oras ay panandalian,)

And our hearts, though stout and brave,

(At ang ating mga puso, kahit mataba at matapang,)

Still, like muffled drums, are beating, funeral marches to the grave.

(Tulad ng pinatahimik na tambol, ay tumutugtog ng punibre tungo sa huling hantungan.)

In the world’s broad field of battle,

(Sa malawak na mundo ng labanan,)

In the bivouac of life,

(Sa panandaliang kanlungan ng  buhay,)

Be not like dumb, driven cattle!

(Huwag tumulad sa isang umid

Be a hero in the strife!

(Maging  bayani sa labanan!)

Trust no Future, how’er pleasant

(Huwag magtiwala sa hinaharap, kahit na nakawiwili)

Let the dead Past Bury its dead!

(Hayaan ang patay  na lumipas maglibing ng kanilang mga patay)

Act, act in the living Present,

(Kilos, kumilos sa kasalukuyan buhay,)

Heart within and God o’er head.

(Buo ang Puso at Diyos ang patnubay.)

Lives of great men all remind us

(Buhay ng mga dakilang tao lahat nagpapaala-ala sa atin)

We can make our lives sublime,

(Na maari nating gawing  sa ating buhay,)

And departing, leave behind us

(At sa paglisan, mag-iwan sa atin)

Footprints on the sands of time.

(Mga yapak sa buhangin ng panahon.)

Footprints, that perhaps another,

(Yapak, na marahil sa iba,)

Sailing o’er life’s solemn man,

(Lumalayag sa buhay ng taong kapita-pitagan,)

A forlorn and shipwrecked brother,

(Ang walang pag-asa at lugmok na kapatid,)

Seeing, shall take heart again.

(Makakita’y mabubuhay muli.)

Let us, then. Be up and doing

(Humayo tayo at kumilos)

With a heart for any fate,

(Na may isang puso para sa anumang kapalaran,)

Still achieving, still pursuing,

(patuloy na kamtin, patuloy na hangarin,)

Learn to labor and to wait.

(Matutong magtiyaga at maghintay)

Bane or Boon

I feel the best technological breakthrough was the invention of computers which basically led to further advancement in technology viz the creation of much software and hardware. Technology has gifted mankind with various boons but look closely and you will realize that technology have blessed mankind with two very important aspects – facility of communication and creation of time.

Creation of phone, fax, mobile services, video conferencing, chatting, ipad, laptop, core apps and more advance applications are few of the facilities that the human mind has been able to conceive with the aid of technology

I am sure about it; technology is a boon, the possibilities of world war 3 is less, so that all the nations show their power through their development through technology. We need to show our power through development of technology. Technology is one of the greatest inventions of mankind. It is so powerful that it shapes our thinking and our way of life within no time. It is ever evolving. Technology is a tool invented and sharpened by humans to make their life easier. Those who know the correct application of technology, be it any sphere of activity, have managed to make lives easier for themselves and to some extent also for others.

It is not that technology is bad, but technology these days influences the life of humans to the extent that one depends on technology for everything, even when it is within our knowledge as to how we go about it. Viz., using a calculator for easy calculations which can be done easily by solving it. A lot of examples can be given. It has made people lazy. Not just lazy, too lazy to even go to the neighbor’s house to speak to him instead of talking to him over the phone or whatever. One depends on his cars and bikes to even go to the nearby shops and places while he can walk to that place which will keep him fit. Anything utilized in a proper way is always beneficial. But once too dependent on it, it can be destructive and can go to the extent of even immobilizing the person.

Values Education

Values education is the process by which people give values to others. There are two main approaches to values education, some see it as inculcating or transmitting a set of values which often come from societal or religious rules or cultural ethics while others see it as a type of Socratic dialogue where people are gradually brought to their own realization of what is good behavior for themselves and their community. Some researchers use the concept values education as an umbrella of concepts that includes moral education and citizenship education. DepEd Core values education taught and process gradually and integrate to the curriculum topic. (Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan and Makabansa). Themes that values education can address to varying degrees are character, moral development, Religious Education, Spiritual development, personal development, social development and cultural development. Morals as socio-legal-religious norms are supposed to help people behave responsibly. However not all morals lead to responsible behavior. Values education can show which morals are "bad" morals and which are "good". The change in behavior comes from wrestling with questions about right and wrong. Character education is an umbrella term generally used to describe the teaching of children in a manner that will help them develop as personal and social beings. Good, caring relationships are a key ingredient within the family unit as they encompass such skills as the ability to listen, communicate, recognize and respond to the needs and feelings of others, as well as helping to understand children’s behavior.

My Personal Reflection

 Every individual has a set of his or her own personal values that dictates how he or she reacts to situations in life and these values also define who he or she is. Values are significant and lasting viewpoints and principles shared by most people in society in regard to what is morally right or wrong. Some examples of values are integrity, loyalty, honesty, virtue, love, selflessness, and zeal. Values can sometimes sway an individual’s actions and can act as general rules for every circumstance. Individuals in society will often have his or her own set of values that serve as an individual blueprint that defines who he or she is and is the influencing factor in how he or she lives, behaves, speaks, and believes. My core values are honesty, love, trust, spirituality or prayerful life, family, accomplishment, respect, and perseverance. My most important value is family, no matter where an individual is or what an individual goes through in life I believe that family should always be first. Every family has ups and downs and I firmly believe that a family should always help each other and should not become enablers. The second most important value to me is love; a person must first love his or herself before others can love him or her. I love myself first and my love for others is very true and does not falter if someone does me wrong. I truly believe an individual can still love a person if the person hurts him or her in any kind of way, but the individual can love that person from a distance. My faith is very strong in my life because without God I would not be here and I know that his love will take me further than what man can. I also believe in honesty because if I am honest with people they will trust me. One cannot have honesty without trust.  The other values that I have added to my value system are time and confidentiality or absolute secrecy.

Valuing Time - Time has become one of my values because everything that I do and every decision that I make depends upon how I allocate my time to perform and complete my tasks. I also consider time to be an important value because I must consider it when I create and plan schedules to show when project assignments are to be completed. And, time plays an important role on my job when I have to set up my works loads, calls with out-of-town deliveries, customers to finalize decisions transactions and accounting jobs.

Valuing Confidentiality - Confidentiality has become one of my values because it is important for me to be aware of how I handle confidential information. Confidentiality is very important in my line of work because many of my job assignments involve classified information that is authorized for only certain individuals to handle. Confidentiality is also crucial because I must always be mindful of whom I discuss my job responsibilities with, conceal classified documents properly. I always adhere Absolute secrecy practice in my Legion of Mary Apostolate were information gathered during our home and hospital visitations are closely intact within the four walls of our meeting hall which take discipline and trust of oneself. We handle personal information coming from our clientele in whom catechism is done especially marital problems.          

Table 1

                                     Innnn             =   Innate traits develop and practice by our daily endeavor tu                                        turn into mature individual and responsible. person. Family                                  =    My family structure were I am and grown affects my                                                      my social norm towards my dealing of people in my own com             c                             my community.      

                                                           =  = illustrates as works of mercy, obedience and                                                                                                                              humility                                                    humility that lead to sainthood. 

Values Education Reflection 2

Values education is the process by which people give values to others. There are two main approaches to values education, some see it as inculcating or transmitting a set of values which often come from societal or religious rules or cultural ethics while others see it as a type of Socratic dialogue where people are gradually brought to their own realization of what is good behavior for themselves and their community. Some researchers use the concept values education as an umbrella of concepts that includes moral education and citizenship education. DepEd Core values education taught and process gradually and integrate to the curriculum topic. (Maka-Diyos, Maka-tao, Makakalikasan and Makabansa). Themes that values education can address to varying degrees are character, moral development, Religious Education, Spiritual development, personal development, social development and cultural development. Morals as socio-legal-religious norms are supposed to help people behave responsibly. However not all morals lead to responsible behavior. Values education can show which morals are "bad" morals and which are "good". The change in behavior comes from wrestling with questions about right and wrong. Character education is an umbrella term generally used to describe the teaching of children in a manner that will help them develop as personal and social beings. Good, caring relationships are a key ingredient within the family unit as they encompass such skills as the ability to listen, communicate, recognize and respond to the needs and feelings of others, as well as helping to understand children’s behavior.

My Personal Reflection

 Every individual has a set of his or her own personal values that dictates how he or she reacts to situations in life and these values also define who he or she is. Values are significant and lasting viewpoints and principles shared by most people in society in regard to what is morally right or wrong. Some examples of values are integrity, loyalty, honesty, virtue, love, selflessness, and zeal. Values can sometimes sway an individual’s actions and can act as general rules for every circumstance. Individuals in society will often have his or her own set of values that serve as an individual blueprint that defines who he or she is and is the influencing factor in how he or she lives, behaves, speaks, and believes. My core values are honesty, love, trust, spirituality or prayerful life, family, accomplishment, respect, and perseverance. My most important value is family, no matter where an individual is or what an individual goes through in life I believe that family should always be first. Every family has ups and downs and I firmly believe that a family should always help each other and should not become enablers. The second most important value to me is love; a person must first love his or herself before others can love him or her. I love myself first and my love for others is very true and does not falter if someone does me wrong. I truly believe an individual can still love a person if the person hurts him or her in any kind of way, but the individual can love that person from a distance. My faith is very strong in my life because without God I would not be here and I know that his love will take me further than what man can. I also believe in honesty because if I am honest with people they will trust me. One cannot have honesty without trust.  The other values that I have added to my value system are time and confidentiality or absolute secrecy.

Valuing Time - Time has become one of my values because everything that I do and every decision that I make depends upon how I allocate my time to perform and complete my tasks. I also consider time to be an important value because I must consider it when I create and plan schedules to show when project assignments are to be completed. And, time plays an important role on my job when I have to set up my works loads, calls with out-of-town deliveries, customers to finalize decisions transactions and accounting jobs.

Valuing Confidentiality - Confidentiality has become one of my values because it is important for me to be aware of how I handle confidential information. Confidentiality is very important in my line of work because many of my job assignments involve classified information that is authorized for only certain individuals to handle. Confidentiality is also crucial because I must always be mindful of whom I discuss my job responsibilities with, conceal classified documents properly. I always adhere Absolute secrecy practice in my Legion of Mary Apostolate were information gathered during our home and hospital visitations are closely intact within the four walls of our meeting hall which take discipline and trust of oneself. We handle personal information coming from our clientele in whom catechism is done especially marital problems.          

Table 1

                                     Innnn             =   Innate traits develop and practice by our daily endeavor tu                                        turn into mature individual and responsible. person. Family                                  =    My family structure were I am and grown affects my                                                      my social norm towards my dealing of people in my own com             c                             my community.      

                                                           =  = illustrates as works of mercy, obedience and                                                                                                                              humility                                                    humility that lead to sainthood. 

Ed-137 Values Education Reflection

My Reflection (Values Education)

What is values education?

When I make my reflection, I meditate first all those comments about my personality traits. I was destructed of being an authoritative person and strong person or a Charisma of being a good leader. But I agree with these comments because that’s who I am. I don’t know where I possess this trait. I am not proud of this kind of behavior but I have control my temperance of dealing other people. Being a strong personality in terms of decision making I have courage to solve that certain problem or situations with proper weighing and consultation. I acquired these traits maybe I engaged early in business world, my active participation in the pastoral community where I hold positions. Maybe one of the factors of being who am I today. Involving pastoral community needs strong inter-relations towards your members and all the rest of the community. I always utter in my mind to be respected at all times by having parallel my words and actions in all my dealings. I always reminded myself of being good to others whatever means and positions I have in the future because that would lead me into better one. I prefer being a donor and not a donee because generosity transform into individual habits. 

Reflection Paper - Educational System of USA

Leonardo Z. Camboja Jr.                                                     Teaching Profession

BEE – 2                                                                             Olga C. Alonsabe, Ph.D.

Reflection Paper – Educational System of USA

March 11, 2013

Education in the United States is mainly provided by the public sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: local, state, and federal, in that order. Child education is compulsory, and there are also a large number and wide variety of higher education institutions throughout the country that one can choose to attend, both publicly and privately administered. Public education is universally available. School curricula, funding, teaching, employment, and other policies are set through locally elected school boards with jurisdiction over school districts with many directives from state legislatures. School districts are usually separate from other local jurisdictions, with independent officials and budgets. Educational standards and standardized testing decisions are usually made by state governments.

The ages for compulsory education vary by state. It begins from age’s five to eight and ends from ages fourteen to eighteen. Compulsory education requirements can generally be satisfied by educating children in public schools, state-certified private schools, or an approved home school program. In most public and private schools, education is divided into three levels: elementary school, middle school (sometimes called junior high school), and high school. In almost all schools at these levels, children are divided by age groups into grades, ranging from kindergarten (followed by first grade) for the youngest children in elementary school, up to twelfth grade, the final year of high school. The exact age range of students in these grade levels varies slightly from area to area.

Formal education in the United States dates from 1635, when the Boston Latin School was founded in colonial New England. Grammar schools were established in the larger cities of each colony throughout the rest of the 18th century, as well as several religious colleges. Formal education for women started with the American Revolution, and for black children with the American Civil War. However, Homeschooling remained predominant, especially in the south, until the mid-19th century (the 1840 census revealed that about 55 percent of children attended some form of primary school). Government supported, free public schools for all started being established after the revolution, and expanded in the 19th century, as the results of efforts of men like Horace Mann and Booker T. Washington. By 1870, all states had free elementary schools, albeit only in urban centers. As the 20th century drew nearer, states started passing laws to make schooling compulsory, and by 1910, 72 percent of children attended school. Private schools continued to spread during this time, as well as colleges and—in the rural centers—land grant colleges. The year of 1910 also saw the first true high schools.

The American educational system comprises 12 grades of study over 12 calendar years of primary and secondary education before graduating, and often becoming eligible for admission to higher education. After pre-kindergarten and kindergarten, there are five years in primary school (normally known as elementary school). After completing five grades, the student will enter junior high or middle school and then high school to get the high school diploma. Schooling is compulsory for all children in the United States, but the age range for which school attendance is required varies from state to state. Most children begin elementary education with kindergarten (usually five to six years old) and finish secondary education with twelfth grade (usually eighteen years old). In some cases, pupils may be promoted beyond the next regular grade. Some states allow students to leave school between 14–17 with parental permission, before finishing high school; other states require students to stay in school until age 18 Most parents send their children to either a public or private institution. According to government data, one-tenth of students are enrolled in private schools. Approximately 85% of students enter the public schools, largely because they are tax-subsidized.            The curriculum in public elementary education is determined by individual school districts. The school district selects curriculum guides and textbooks that reflect a state's learning standards and benchmarks for a given grade level. Learning Standards are the goals by which states and school districts must meet adequate yearly progress (AYP) as mandated by No Child Left Behind (NCLB Elementary School teachers are trained with emphases on human cognitive and psychological development and the principles of curriculum development and instruction. Teachers typically earn either a Bachelors or Masters Degree in Early Childhood and Elementary Education. Middle school and Junior high school include the grade levels intermediate between elementary school and senior high school. "Middle school" usually includes sixth, seventh and eighth grade; "Junior high" typically includes seventh, eighth, and ninth grades. The range defined by either is often based on demographic factors, such as an increase or decrease in the relative numbers of younger or older students, with the aim of maintaining stable school populations. At this time, students are given more independence, moving to different classrooms for different subjects, and being allowed to choose some of their class subjects (electives). Usually, starting in ninth grade, grades become part of a student’s official transcript. Most homeschooling advocates are wary of the established educational institutions for various reasons. Some are religious conservatives who see nonreligious education as contrary to their moral or religious systems, or who wish to add religious instruction to the educational curriculum (and who may be unable to afford a church-operated private school or where the only available school may teach views contrary to those of the parents). Others feel that they can more effectively tailor a curriculum to suit an individual student’s academic strengths and weaknesses, especially those with singular needs or disabilities. Still others feel that the negative social pressures of schools (such as bullying, drugs, crime, sex, and other school-related problems) are detrimental to a child’s proper development. Parents often form groups to help each other in the homeschooling process, and may even assign classes to different parents, similar to public and private schools.             For K–12 schools, according to a 2005 report from the OECD, the United States is tied for first place with Switzerland when it comes to annual spending per student on its public schools, with each of those two countries spending more than $11,000. However, the United States is ranked 37th in the world in education spending as a percentage of gross domestic product. All but seven of the leading countries are in developing countries; ranked high because of a low GDP. U.S. public schools lag behind the schools of other developed countries in the areas of reading, math, and science. The federal government contributes money to certain individual school districts as part of Federal Impact Aid. The original idea was that the federal government paid no local real estate taxes on their property to support local schools. Children of government employees might move in and impact an area which required expenditure for education at the local level. This aid was a way of equalizing the unexpected impact. An issue facing curricula today is the use of the English language in teaching. English is spoken by over 95% of the nation, and there is a strong national tradition of upholding English as the de facto official language. Some 9.7 million children aged 5 to 17 primarily speak a language other than English at home. Of those, about 1.3 million children do not speak English well or at all.

Reflection Paper - Educational System of Mexico

Leonardo Z. Camboja Jr.                                                     Teaching Profession

BEE – 2                                                                            Olga C. Alonsabe, Ph.D.

Reflection Paper – Educational System of Mexico

March 1, 2013

The Catholic Church played a significant role in Mexican education during the Colonial era, which extended from first European contact in the early sixteenth century until the Mexican revolution.The Roman Catholic Church and Spanish crown, on the other hand, wanted to establish a colonial form of feudal privilege and religious dissent. Clearly, the Catholic Church was intent on cultural genocide, often building their churches on sacred sites of the aboriginal idols.Franciscans provided the early education of the Indians and mestizo peasants, which consisted mainly of instruction in Catholicism. The Jesuits and Augustinians, on the other hand, provided the more classical education for Spanish emigrants and the criollos. Vasco de Quiroga, a liberal Catholic judge and Bishop, is credited with starting the first school for the natives, the hospital-school of Santa Fe established on the outskirts of Mexico City in 1531.

Recently, basic education is normally divided in three steps: Primary school (primaria), comprising grades 1-6;the ration per classroom is 28:1, while junior high school comprising grades 7-9 (secundaria); and high school comprising grades 10-12 is 17:1 per classroom.) And the medium language is Spanish. Depending on the school, a bilingual education may be offered from the beginning, where half the day instruction is in Spanish, and the rest is in a second language, for example, English or French.At this level, more specialized subjects may be taught such as Physics and Chemistry, and World History.When the student's age is 15 to 18 years old, students may choose between 2 main kinds of high school programs.Secondary education is divided in two levels: lower secondary, or secundaria, and upper secondary education.

Since 1993 secundaria has become part of compulsory basic education. Lower secondary is structured into three grades and is offered in several modalities, including general, telesecondary, and technical ordistance education. This type of education is offered to children between the ages of 12 and 16 years who have completed elementary school. People older than 16 years of age can obtain secundaria education by attending secondary school for workers or for adults, two other available modalities.The second level of secondary education is upper secondary education; this level of education involves several options and is available to those who have completed compulsory education. There are three subsystems in this category: general upper secondary, which includes open and distance upper secondary education; technical professional education, which trains qualified professional in different fields; and technological upper secondary, which offers the opportunity to obtain professional technician degrees and prepares the students to continue on to higher education. General upper secondary education is offered through bachiller colleges (CB), preparatoria schools, science and humanities colleges (CCH), and incorporated bachilleratos.

In general, in the compulsory school grades, boys and girls are almost equally represented: males, 92 percent; females, 91 percent. However, this balance is upset in the upper grades. Even though the gap is closing, males tend to be represented in greater numbers than females, particularly in higher education. With the exception of vocational, technical, and teacher education, representation of men at all levels of education (including university undergraduate and graduate levels) is higher than women's. Teachers were held in high esteem in their communities, but as the fervor of revolutionary nationalism began to subside, the sense of mission, which motivated many teachers, started to wear off. Mexico does not appear to have a shortage of teachers. Salaries, like in just about any developing country, are low for teachers. In 1998 the entry level, gross annual salary for elementary school teachers in Mexico City was $6,068. Teachers with 10 years of experience earned an annual gross salary of $7,904. These earnings included bonuses, vacations, and other benefits. Jobs in Mexico City are among the best paid. Considering that a campesino in one of the poorest regions may earn the equivalent of about half the entry level salary of a teacher, the profession is no longer seen as prestigious as it once was.